Magpie Mine, Deepdale and Lathkill Dale

Magpie Mine, located near the village of Sheldon in the Peak District, is a fascinating and well-preserved disused lead mine with a history spanning over 300 years. It stands as a testament to the Peak District's rich mining heritage and is considered one of the best examples of a 19th-century lead mine in the UK.   

A History of Booms, Busts, and Bitter Disputes

Lead mining in the area dates back to Roman times, but the Magpie Mine itself was first recorded in 1740. The mine experienced periods of prosperity, particularly in the early 19th century, when it became one of the most profitable in Derbyshire. However, its history is also marked by closures due to flooding, disputes, and fluctuating lead prices.

One of the most notable events in the mine's history is the "Magpie Murders" of 1833. A long-standing dispute with the neighbouring Maypitt Mine over the right to work a particular vein escalated tragically when Magpie miners lit fires underground to smoke out their rivals, resulting in the suffocation of three Maypitt miners. Twenty-four Magpie miners were put on trial for murder but were eventually acquitted due to conflicting evidence and the provocative actions of the Maypitt miners. Legend has it that the widows of the deceased miners cursed the mine, contributing to its subsequent decline.   

Technological Advancements and Enduring Challenges

Despite the setbacks, Magpie Mine saw periods of innovation. In 1824, a Newcomen-type pumping engine was installed, significantly boosting lead production. Later, the renowned mining engineer John Taylor introduced further advancements, including steel borers, safety hats, and iron winding ropes, after taking over the mine in 1839.

However, the persistent challenge of water flooding the mine continued to plague operations. The construction of the Magpie Sough, a drainage tunnel stretching over 2 kilometres to the River Wye, was a major undertaking that took eight years to complete. Despite this and other efforts, the mine eventually closed for good in 1958 due to ongoing flooding issues and falling lead prices.   

A Window into the Past

Today, Magpie Mine is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, its atmospheric ruins offering a glimpse into the arduous lives of the miners who once worked there. Visitors can explore the remains of the Cornish Engine House, the circular chimney, the main shaft with its steel headgear, and a replica horse gin, among other features. The site is managed by the Peak District Mines Historical Society, which has undertaken significant restoration work.

While access to the underground workings is no longer possible, the surface remains provide a fascinating insight into the industrial past of the Peak District. The site is open to the public and can be explored via footpaths, allowing visitors to connect with the history and stories of this remarkable mine.